Permanent distortions of a natural nail can occur if which part of the nail is injured?

The matrix of the nail is the area where new nail cells are produced. When this part of the nail is injured, it can lead to permanent distortions in the shape, thickness, and growth pattern of the nail. Since the matrix generates the keratin cells that make up the nail plate, any damage or trauma to this area can result in underlying issues that manifest in the appearance of the nail as it grows out.

In contrast, while the nail bed supports the nail plate, injury to it typically results in temporary issues rather than permanent distortions. Similarly, the nail plate itself, being the visible part of the nail, can become damaged, but the permanent changes cannot occur unless the matrix is affected. The cuticle serves more as a protective barrier for the nail matrix and nail bed and doesn’t directly influence the growth or structure of the nail plate in a permanent way. Thus, injuries to the matrix are critical as they directly impact the fundamental process of nail formation, leading to lasting changes.