Which nail disorder is characterized by white spots found inside or under the nail plate?

Leukonychia is characterized by the appearance of white spots on the nails, which can occur on the surface of the nail plate or beneath it. This condition can result from a variety of factors, including minor trauma to the nail matrix, allergic reactions, or fungal infections, but is most commonly associated with trauma that disrupts the formation of the nail as it grows.

The presence of these white spots does not usually indicate a serious health issue; instead, they may resolve as the nail grows out, although in some cases, they can be persistent. Understanding leukonychia helps nail technicians recognize and differentiate it from other nail disorders that do not present the same symptoms, ensuring proper identification and care for clients.

Other nail disorders listed do not exhibit the same characteristics as leukonychia, which is why they are not applicable in this context. Onychomycosis refers to fungal infections of the nail; paronychia is an infection of the skin surrounding the nail; and athlete's foot is a fungal infection primarily affecting the skin on the feet, with no direct association to the nail plate itself.